除了高辐射，宇航员在非常低重力的环境中生活和工作。在实验动物（例如大鼠）中仍在详细研究确切的效果。然而，非常清楚的是，正确的骨骼发育和生长需要重力环境。当宇航员斯科特凯利（和其他人）长期在国际空间站上时，他们的健康状况发生了重大变化。类似的问题可能会影响胎儿的发育。这种萎缩是宇航员必须经常在太空中运动以防止肌肉萎缩和骨量减少的原因。不断增长的胚胎或胎儿可以永久性地改变，直至DNA。显然，如果人们要更长久地冒险进入太空（如长途旅行到火星），则需要尽量减少辐射危害，不仅对成年人而且对于出生时出生的任何可能的孩子。但是怎么做呢？长途旅行进入太空的宇航员将在可能不提供最重辐射屏蔽的船上。例如，一旦它们到达火星，它们将在表面上受到大量辐射，这些辐射不会被稀薄的大气层阻挡。此外，火星（以及月球，对那些迁移到那里的人）的重力将是一个问题
英国莱斯特大学Essay代写：减少辐射危害
In addition to high radiation, astronauts live and work in very low-gravity environments. The exact effect is still being studied in detail in experimental animals such as rats. However, it is very clear that proper bone development and growth require a gravity environment. When astronaut Scott Kelly (and others) stayed on the International Space Station for a long time, their health changed dramatically. Similar problems may affect the development of the fetus. This atrophy is why astronauts must often move in space to prevent muscle atrophy and bone loss. Growing embryos or fetuses can change permanently until DNA. Obviously, if people are going to venture into space for longer (such as long trips to Mars), you need to minimize the radiation hazard, not only for adults but also for any possible child born at birth. But how do you do it? Astronauts who travel long distances into space will be on board ships that may not provide the heaviest radiation shield. For example, once they reach Mars, they will be exposed to a large amount of radiation on the surface that will not be blocked by the thin atmosphere. In addition, the gravity of Mars (and the moon, for those who migrated there) will be a problem.
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